Mean total Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) scores stratified by the presence or absence of migraine and photic sneeze syndrome (PSS) are shown. is a genetic autosomal dominant trait, which causes sneezing when exposed suddenly to bright light, possibly many times consecutively. The photic sneeze response: a descriptive report of a clinic population. 1987 Sep-Oct;54(5):431-3. We further showed that migraine and PSS were independently associated with psychological distress. All participants gave written consent for the use of their survey responses for research purposes. While this phenomenon is poorly understood, recent research has shown that antihistamines being used to treat rhinitis due to seasonal allergies may also reduce the occurrence of solar sneezes in people affected by both conditions. Overall, K6 scores were significantly higher in those with PSS than in those without (P = 0.000013). Photic sneeze syndrome (PSS), also known as autosomal dominant compelling helio‐ophthalmic outburst (ACHOO) syndrome, is a condition that causes sneezing when the eye is exposed to sudden bright light. Those who opted out during the 2‐week period after they were informed of the present study were excluded from the study. The K6 is a self‐reported measure of psychological distress that includes six questions about one's emotional state; respondents rate how often they felt so sad that nothing could cheer them up, how often they felt that everything was an effort, and how often they felt nervous, hopeless, restless/fidgety, and worthless within a 30‐day reference period. "Autosomal dominant transmission of the 'photic sneeze reflex.'" 2012 Oct 15 [updated 2015 Jul 27]. Cleve Clin J Med. [Photic sneeze reflex or autosomal dominant compelling helio-ophthalmic outburst syndrome]. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. What is the best treatment for my condition. Our servers have detected that you are accessing this site from a country that is a member of the European Union. However, the statistically significant associations between PSS and migraine and psychological distress were robust, and thus, the present results raise the possibility that a common mechanism exists within these conditions. PSS often occurs within families and is considered a hereditary condition.3 Accordingly, genome‐wide association studies (GWASs), including our own, have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with PSS.4-6, Although the precise mechanism by which light triggers the sneeze reflex is unknown, Everett1 has proposed two hypotheses. Working off-campus? Figure 1 shows the proportion of individuals with migraine, clinically relevant psychological distress, and severe psychological distress in those with and without PSS. The link between intolerance to light and the trigeminal nerve system is supported by functional magnetic resonance imaging studies that show activation of the trigeminal nerve system at the level of the trigeminal ganglion during the photophobic response.10. El reflex fotoesternutatori (també conegut en anglès per ACHOO, acrònim de Autosomal dominant Compelling Helio-Ophthalmic Outburst) és una condició mèdica que fa que la gent que la pateix esternudi quan es troba exposada sobtadament a una llum intensa. Kessler et al20 proposed a cutoff point of ≥13 for serious mental illness. Psychological distress was assessed by the 6‐item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Because migraine itself could cause severe psychological distress, two‐way factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with migraine and PSS as fixed factors and the transformed K6 total score as the dependent variable to detect interaction effects between PSS and migraine on psychological distress. In addition this sneeze reflex can be brought on by a sudden inhaling of cold air or a strong flavor such as a strong mint gum. The low prevalence of PSS identified in the present study may be due to the inadequate ability of the self‐report questionnaire to identify PSS. However, the total K6 score was higher in participants with PSS, despite older age in this group. PSS prevalence varies among racial and ethnic groups. "Sneezing in response to light. For example, genetic variations identified in PSS may serve as candidate genes for migraine and depressive disorders. The information on this site is not to be used for diagnosing or treating any health concerns you may have - please contact your physician or health care professional for all your medical needs. The authors declare no conflict of interest for this article. In our data analysis, we were able to show a high prevalence of the ACHOO in 57 % of our cohort, suffering from regular light induced sneezing events. What do you think about the features of this website? Only participants who resided in Japan and were ≥18 years old were included. The study was approved by the Ethics Review Committees of GeneQuest Inc. and the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan. Photophobia is a common symptom of migraine.11 Rather unsurprisingly then, activation of the trigeminal nerves, which innervate cranial blood vessels, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of migraine.12 Given the commonalities in the mechanisms underlying PSS, photophobia, and migraine, we hypothesized that hypersensitivity of the trigeminal system in individuals with PSS could confer susceptibility to migraine. D.S. and S.T. Individuals with a Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) score ≥ 5 were considered as having clinically relevant psychological distress, and those with a K6 score ≥ 13 were considered as having severe psychological distress. Analysis controlling for sex and the presence of migraine showed that PSS was associated with higher K6 scores irrespective of sex or the presence of migraine. What do you think about the features of this website? The present study showed, for the first time to our knowledge, that individuals with PSS are more likely to suffer from migraine and increased psychological distress. PSS was present in 3.1% of the participants. The photic sneeze reflex as a risk factor to combat pilots. This content is not available in your region.www.rightdiagnosis.com. Photic sneeze reflexes may only be recognized in self‐observant individuals. To examine the interaction effects of sex, three‐way factorial ANOVA with migraine, PSS, and sex as fixed factors was also performed. Last Update: %%BUILD_DATE%%. The presence of PSS and migraine was examined in 11 840 participants from the general population using a self‐report questionnaire. The information on this site is not to be used for diagnosing or treating any health concerns you may have - please contact your physician or health care professional for all your medical needs. Medical Genetics Summaries [Internet]. A cutoff point of ≥5 has been proposed for less severe mental distress in the United States22 as well as in Japanese populations21. provided the questionnaire response data used in the present study. A genome-wide association study on photic sneeze reflex in the Chinese population. Investigations on the prevalence of the photo-induced sneezing reflex in the German population, a representative cross-sectional study. Please see our Terms of Use. It is also referred to as photic sneeze response, sun sneezing, photogenic sneezing, the photosternutatory… Considering the relatively small effect size reported in this study, the clinical implications of PSS remain unclear. | This page is not available in your area. Current psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6).
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