You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. [1] It was included among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. [1][18] In a medium-sized amateur instrument, around 8 inches in aperture, the spiral arms become visible under good conditions. The star is classified as a semi-regular variable. The monster lived near the town of Lerna, where it ravaged the land and killed cattle. The star has an estimated orbital period of 10,000 years. Messier 68 globular cluster, image: PD-Hubble. The galaxy bears a strong resemblance to the Pinwheel galaxy (M101) in Ursa Major, and to date, six supernova explosions have been identified in M83 over the past 100 years. 1 AU is the distance between the Sun and the Earth. [3], The shape of Hydra resembles a twisting snake, and features as such in some Greek myths. The resulting dusty nebula is invisible to the naked eye but can be detected using an infrared telescope. – Alphard (Alpha Hydrae), the most luminous star in Hydra, is an orange star located about 177 light years away that shines with a magnitude of 2. It is an orange giant of magnitude 2.0, 177 light-years from Earth. Web. The constellation also contains the radio source Hydra A. Hydra contains three Messier objects. This star has three confirmed exoplanets in its orbit, one of which, GJ 357 d, is considered to be a "Super-Earth" within the circumstellar habitable zone. WISE 0855?0714 is the 4th closest star to Earth at 7.26 light years. They are 117 and 140 million light years distant and have a visual magnitude of 12.5. [20] ESO 510-G13 is a warped spiral galaxy located 150 million light-years from Earth. U Hydrae is another carbon star in Hydra constellation. Heracles, faced with a difficult task, first shot flaming arrows into the Hydra’s lair and smoked it out. Six supernovae have been observed in the galaxy in the last century: SN 1923A, SN 1945B, SN 1950B, SN 1957D, SN 1968L and SN 1983N. The boundary of the Hydra constellation contains 23 stars that host known exoplanets. It is not perfectly circular, rather, it is elliptical and oriented on a west-northwest/east-southeast axis. The background galaxy, NGC 3314b, is an oblique spiral galaxy, and has a nucleus that appears reddened because of NGC 3314a's dusty disk. Image: ESO, IDA, Danish 1.5 m, R. Gendler, S. Guisard and C. Thöne. NGC 3314, usually delineated as NGC 3314a and NGC 3314b, is a pair of galaxies that appear superimposed, despite the fact that they are not related or interacting in any way. Alphard is the brightest star of this constellation. In Chinese astronomy, the stars that correspond to Hydra are located within the Vermilion Bird and the Azure Dragon. The cup is associated with the constellation Crater. Though it was discovered as a non-stellar object in 1784 by William Herschel, its status as a globular cluster was not ascertained until 1932, when Clyde Tombaugh looked at photographic plates taken of the region near Pi Hydrae on 12 May 1931. The combined apparent visual magnitude of the system is 4.276, but this value varies by as much as 0.4 magnitudes within a period of 2.344 days. This is somewhat unusual because most of these so-called active galactic nuclei exist in galaxies with prominent bulges. Its shape has been described as "triangular"; this 80-star cluster is unusually large, more than half a degree in diameter, larger than the diameter of the full Moon. In this image, it is clear that there is simply a brightening to the centre, but no actual bulge like the one in NGC 6744 (eso1118), for example.NGC 3621 is also interesting as it is believed to have an active supermassive black hole at its centre that is engulfing matter and producing radiation. The crow returned to Apollo with a water snake, which it blamed for blocking the spring. NGC 3314 consists of a pair of overlapping spiral galaxies in Hydra. He also later voided the fifth labor of Heracles involving the Augean stables, and so set the legendary strongman two additional labors making twelve in total before his punishment was considered complete. It also figures in a story associated with Crater (Latin: “Cup”) and Corvus (Latin: “Raven”). Being so large, Hydra borders quite a number of other constellations, including Antlia, Cancer, Canis Minor, Centaurus, Corvus, Crater, Leo, Libra, Lupus, Monoceros, Puppis, Pyxis, Sextans and Virgo. Click on Kidskonnect Worksheets, For further reading and more info on the Hydra Constellation visit www.easyscienceforkids.com/Hydra, Your email address will not be published. To begin with, it is a pure-disc galaxy. NGC 3054 is an intermediate spiral galaxy with an apparent magnitude of 12.4. It is believed to have formed almost 12 million years ago. < https://easyscienceforkids.com/hydra-constellation/ >. It is one of the reddest stars in the night sky, with a B-V colour index of +5.5. Alpha Hydrae has the stellar classification K3 II-III, which places it halfway between an orange giant and bright giant. It is part of the larger Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster, which is approximately 158 million light years distant from the Sun and includes galaxies in the constellations Centaurus, Hydra and Norma. The primary component in the system is a giant Bp star classified as an alpha-2 Canum Venaticorum type variable. – Tombaugh’s Globular Cluster (NGC 5694, Caldwell 66), although discovered by William Herschel as long ago as 1784, was only determined to be globular cluster by Clyde Tombaugh in 1932, who had discovered Pluto two years earlier. November 13, 2015 Heracles killed the crab and Hera, a sworn enemy of his, placed it among the stars as the constellation Cancer. The system is believed to have a substellar companion orbiting it with a period of 9.3 years, but no planet has been confirmed yet. M83 stretches over 40 000 light-years, making it roughly 2.5 times smaller than our own Milky Way. It was alleged the lake had an entrance to the Underworld which it guarded. Download questions about the Hydra Constellation here: Teachers. Image: NASA, JPL-Caltech, T. Ueta (Univ. Notable deep sky objects in Hydra include the open cluster Messier 48, the globular cluster Messier 68, the Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (Messier 83), the Hydra Cluster of galaxies, the Porpoise Galaxy (NGC 2936), Tombaugh’s Globular Cluster (NGC 5694), the Ghost of Jupiter nebula, and the spiral galaxy ESO 510-G13. Andromeda is one of the 17 constellations that represents a mythological character. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.5 and is approximately 1,500 light years distant from Earth. The Greek constellation of Hydra is an adaptation of a Babylonian constellation: the MUL.APIN includes a "serpent" constellation (MUL.DINGIR.MUŠ) that loosely corresponds to Hydra. It has an apparent magnitude of 11.8 and is approximately 94 million light years distant from the solar system. It has a visual magnitude of 7.54 and is approximately 14.7 million light years distant from the Sun. Pi Hydrae has the stellar classification of K1 III-IV, which means that it is an orange star halfway between the subgiant and giant stage of evolution. Zeta Hydrae is the third brightest star in Hydra constellation, with an apparent magnitude of 3.10. Messier 83 has been a prolific producer of supernovae, with six observed in the past century. His son John Herschel observed the nebula from the Cape of Good Hope in the 1830s and included it in the 1864 General Catalogue. 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