Invasive alien species, most importantly foxes, cats, goats and weeds on land and some marine species are satisfactorily monitored and controlled (IUCN, 2011) and the management regime has resulted in large reduction in pest numbers (Nomination, 2010). Gnaraloo Turtle Conservation Program (adjacent to the property). o Hunting of dugong and turtle are an example of finding a balance between contemporary and traditional management practices. Project to protect Bundera Sinkhole noted in Nomination (2010). The Ningaloo Collaboration Cluster is a major research project that commenced in the region in 2007. Exotic predation places stress on species unaccustomed to predators. Management uses multiple reserve zones and restricted use areas. Sanzogni RL, Meekan MG, Meeuwig JJ (2015) Multi-Year Impacts of Ecotourism on Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Visitation at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Also, a integrated national contingency plan is in place to mitigate the threat of an oil spill. o Traditional Management proved extremely sustainably. o Jinigudira people occupied most of Ningaloo Coast from Northern tip. Future bombing activities on the Learmonth Air Weapons range may pose a potential threat, in particular to the Bundera sinkhole which is located on Defence Land. Weather changes daily and the Ningaloo area is prone to heat waves in summer months. Some fish species might be under pressure from recreational fishing, particularly as visitation in general and recreational fishing are increasing. 2010/2011 strong La Niña event pushed water south from Indonesia creating far higher temperatures than the seasonal average and a very large coral bleaching event resulted. There are significant local education and interpretation programs that inform local community members and visitors of World Heritage values, management strategies and research outcomes (IUCN Consultation, 2017). Nineteen species of shark including the black-tip reef shark, white-tip reef shark, hammerhead shark, tawny nurse shark, oceanic white tip shark, tiger shark, blue shark- and grey reef shark - occur in the lagoon and deeper waters. Tourism puts pressure on preservation of the reef while mineral exploration places the extraction of resources at higher value. Click the + and - signs to expand or collapse full accounts of information under each topic. Rhincodon typus (whale shark). The lush and colourful underwater scenery provides a stark and spectacular contrast with the arid and rugged land (SoOUV, 2011; Nomination, 2010; IUCN, 2011). While the exact purpose of these congregations are unknown, it is believed to be a feeding event (. See http://www.cavedivers.com.au/bundera-sinkhole for notes on importance of this sinkhole. Areas that have been destroyed are also able to be recolonised by neighbouring coral and the annual coral spawn. Would you like to share feedback to support the accuracy of information for this site? Future concerns include increased water demand leading to water abstraction with effects on the fragile subterranean aquatic habitats, but alternatives are under investigation (Nomination, 2010; IUCN, 2011). With increase in recreational fishing (IUCN Consultation, 2017), there are concerns over short term impacts on populations of some species and longer term impacts on the complex ecosystem overall. Situated 1200 kilometres north of Perth on WA’s mid west coast, Ningaloo Reef compares to the Great Barrier Reef in its outstanding beauty and species diversity. It is approximately 1200 km north of Perth, along the East Indian Ocean. Tides affect the vertical extent of the coral. Although the Ningaloo Coast remains well-protected, including by its relative remoteness, it will be important to ensure that the management programmes addressing these various threats are sustained and if necessary supported by additional resources. I wore sea sick bands and took Travelcalm - both of which prevented sea sickness. Nonetheless, feral animals continue to pose a risk through predation on native species such as black-flanked rock-wallabies (Petrogale lateralis lateralis) and grazing (IUCN Consultation, 2017). Bleaching, coral mortality and subsequent survivorship on a West Australian fringing reef. The remoteness of Ningaloo reef tends to attract a nature loving type of tourist. Uses bottling and municipal drinking water. o Contemporary management is only as effective as the will to protect the ecosystem it is. Its mangrove areas and no-fish sanctuary zones provide a nursery for fisheries outside of the property, and tourism provides important benefits to the tourist as well as revenue and jobs to the local population. The property benefits the local and global community for protecting wildlife and wilderness values and providing environmental services. The National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority (NOPSEMA) carefully assess the environmental impacts and risks from petroleum activities through Environment Plans and Oil Pollution Emergency Plans prepared by titleholders. The arid climate results in extremely low levels of runoff. Global forces such as global warming are major threats that are beyond local control. Tropical cyclones cause extreme wind and wave action. Snorkelling and fishing are the main tourist activities and both can be highly sustainable if managed well. Over, Reef building corals are the keystone species as they provide the habitat for all other species in the ecosystem.
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