* Marbled Sea Snake or Spiny-tailed Sea Snake (Aipysurus eydouxii) This 1 meter long snake occurs throughout Southeast Asia and parts of Australia. The young are born live in litters of about two to five. The Olive Sea Snake is a highly venomous snake that actively hunts small to medium-sized fishes and benthic invertebrates including prawns and crabs. golden sea snake The is quite common in the Indo-Pacific coastal regions. This snake is generally aggressive towards its prey, but attacks on larger prey or humans is largely unheard of, a fact which accounts for the lack of information regarding venom toxicity. [9], Currently, two subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies described here. It prefers to hunt only at night and only comes out of its daytime hiding places to take occasional breaths. [6] The creature hides in small coves or protective coral areas if not hunting or surfacing to breathe. Usually has some creamy-white scales scattered over body. Male snakes reach maturity after 3 years while females after 4 to 5 years. The composition of the venom most likely contains both neurotoxins and myotoxins. It has brownish and purple scales along the top of its body whilst its underside is a white color. [7], A species first described by Bernard Germain de Lacépède in 1804, assigning it to a new genus Aipysurus. The fertilization process takes place inside the female, and after a period of about 9 months, it can give birth to 2 to 5 young, in some rare cases even as many as 11 or 12. [4] It feeds on crustaceans, fish, and fish eggs. Individual females probably breed only every other year. If stranded ashore, they do not survive for long. "Aipysurus mosaicus, a new species of egg-eating sea snake (, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aipysurus_laevis&oldid=976630037, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 September 2020, at 02:22. Death from prawn trawls often comes either from drowning or being crushed. They squeeze their prey and inject their venom. This species prefers to venture off of the reef at night, to hunt for bottom dwelling prey that is also targeted by fishers. In some species, the young are quite large, sometimes up to half as long as their mother. Females can give birth up to five young at a time. [6] Courtship usually involves a group of males vying for one female, which occurs in open water. [6] The snake usually hunts in coral reef areas, searching for food via poking their head through crevices. The embryos develop for about 6 months and young are born in the southern autumn (April). Mating takes place on the sea floor. This is a venomous sea snake species which inhabits coral reefs. A name published by John Edward Gray, Aipysurus jukesii, is regarded as a synonym for this species. It has a flattened, paddle-like tail and a large lung that allows it to go hours between breaths at the surface. Aipysurus laevis is a species of venomous sea snake found in the Indo-Pacific. Olive Sea Snakes are not fished by people, but they are at risk of accidental capture by fishers targeting other species particularly bottom trawlers. "Cutaneous photoreception: a new sensory mechanism for reptiles". The venom is used for larger fish, venom which not only paralyzes the prey, but also contains enzymes which actually start the digestive process before the snake swallows it. Also known as the golden sea snake or olive-brown sea snake, the species is usually mild in temperament albeit venomous, feeding on a diverse diet including fish and mollusks. Males become sexually mature at about 3 years of age while females mature at 4 to 5 years. The former acts by enabling signaling between nerve cells while the latter cause muscle cell destruction and necrosis, paralyzing the prey. The tail is used for swimming as the snake hunts exclusively in water. It can feed on fish, fish eggs, mollusks, crustaceans and other animals. Most likely this helps it conserve energy needed for the production of expensive venom, as eating mollusks or fish eggs would not need spending any venom. Large Olive Sea Snake Published on December 5th 2016 by staff under Snakes. These snakes can generally grow to be about 1 meters long, but some individuals have been observed with over 2 meters in length. The Olive Sea Snake also known as the Golden Sea Snake, is the most common sea snake along the northern coast of Australia and nearby coastal islands. Colors of the scales usually range from olive to brown or even dark yellow. Its fangs may be 7 millimeters long and unlike many other sea snakes, it has a wide diet feeding on fish, fish eggs, cuttlefish, prawns, crabs and mollusks. 1991, Martha Holmes, Sea Trek, BBC Books, p. 114: Slithering amongst the luxuriant growth were olive sea snakes. The Olive Sea Snake or the golden snake is a species found in the Indo-Pacific. Synopsis of Oceanography & Marine Biology. Also, it is a common and widespread species that lives on coral reefs or hide in small coves and protective coral areas. Large bony fishes, sharks and predatory birds are known to eat juvenile and even adults. Marine Biological Sciences, "Robson Bight-Michael Bigg" Ecological Reserve, The First Captive Killer Whale – A Changing Attitude, Differences between Skates, Chimaeras & Rays, Differences between Whales, Dolphins & Porpoises. The larger females produce eggs in the southern spring (October). It has brownish and purple scales along the top of its body whilst its underside is a white color. Prawn trawls are one of the greatest threats for the creature, up to 50% of olive sea snakes caught in trawls are killed, while the ones that survive usually suffer injuries. [10], The subspecies A. l. pooleorum has been elevated to full species status as A. So you what to become a Marine Biologist! The olive sea snake can usually live for about 15 years, with some reports showing it can live even longer. Related Species. While it can be aggressive towards prey, attacks on divers or larger animals are usually rare, though if provoked it will engage the attacker.
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